INDIRECT SPEECH (KALIMAT TAK
LANGSUNG)
Indirect speech atau dengan nama lain Reported
speech (kalimat tak langsung) adalah suatu cara untuk mengungkapkan apa yang
orang lain telah katakan secara langsung berupa pertanyaan atau ucapan lainnya
dengan mengubah format pembicaraan tersebut sehingga menjadi lebih jelas, alami
dan efesien bagi pendengarnya. Indirect speech atau Reported speech terdiri
dari beberapa bagian kalimat antara lain:
A.
PERUBAHAN
TENSES DALAM INDIRECT SPEECH
Pernyataan langsung (direct speech)
yang diubah menjadi pernyaataan tak langsung (indirect speech) tidak akan
mengalami perubahan tenses jika induk
kalimatnya memakai bentuk :
1.
Present tense
2.
Present prefect tense
3.
Future tense
Demikian juga dengan keterangan
waktu dan tempat akan berubah sebagai berikut :
1. Now =
than
2. Yesterday = the day before
3. Last night = the night before
4. Last week = the week before
5. Last Sunday = the Sunday before
6. Two days ago = two days before
7. Five years ago = five years before
8. Today = that day
9. Here = there
10. This = that
11. These = those
12. Can = could
13. Will = would
14. Shall = should
15. May = might
SIMPLE
PRESENT – SIMPLE PAST
1 1. DIRECT
SPEECH
He told me, “I eat fried rice every
morning”.
INDIRECT
SPEECH
He told me that he ate fried rice
every morning.
2 2. DIRECT
SPEECH
He told me,
“I go to work everyday.”
He told me that he went to work everyday.
SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS – SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS
1. DIRECT SPEECH
She told me, “I am playing music now”.
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She told me
that she was playing music then.
2. DIRECT SPEECH
She told me, “I am praying to God now”.
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She told me that she was praying to God then.
1. DIRECT SPEECH
They told me. “We have made a cake”.
INDIRECT
SPEECH
They told me that they had made a cake.
2.
DIRECT SPEECH
Ina said, ’I have taken a bath.’
INDIRECT
SPEECH
Ina has said she has taken a bath.
SIMPLE
PAST – PAST PERFECT
1.
DIRECT
SPEECH
Novi
told me, “I take a picture yesterday”.
INDIRECT SPEECH
Novi
told me that she had taken a picture yesterday.
2.
DIRECT
SPEECH
Resa
told me, “I writted a text last month”.
INDIRECT SPEECH
Resa
told me that he had writted a text last month.
SIMPLE
PAST CONTINUOUS – PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
1 1. DIRECT
SPEECH
He said, “I drunk a milk every
month”.
INDIRECT
SPEECH
He said that he had drunk a milk
every month.
2. DIRECT
SPEECH
Lady said, “I cooked
fried rice every week”.
Lady said that she had cooked fried rice every week.
PRESENT
PERFECT CONTINUOUS – PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
1.
DIRECT
SPEECH
She said, “I have watched a movie
every sunday.”
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said that she had watched a
movie every Sunday.
2.
DIRECT
SPEECH
He said, “I have bought a book.”
INDIRECT
SPEECH
He said that he had bought a book.
PRESENT
FUTURE – PAST FUTURE
1.
DIRECT
SPEECH
He said, “I am reading a book.”
INDIRECT
SPEECH
He said that he was reading a book.
2.
DIRECT
SPEECH
Rio said, “I am walking a round”.
INDIRECT
SPEECH
Rio said that he was walking a
round.
B. INDIRECT SPEECH DENGAN REQUEST
(PERMINTAAN)
Kalimat
indirect speech dalam request biasanya dengan menggunakan kata asked yang
artinya meminta atau memohon.
1. DIRECT SPEECH
Yuli
asked, “When will they come?”
INDIRECT SPEECH
Yuli
asked me when they would come.
2. DIRECT SPEECH
She
asked, “Do you drive a car every day?”
INDIRECT SPEECH
She
asked me whether I drove a car every day.
C. INDIRECT SPEECH DENGAN QUESTION
(PERTANYAAN)
Bentuk
indirect speech dalam bentuk pertanyaan biasanya dibagi menjadi dua kelompok ,
yaitu:
·
Indirect speech dengan Yes-No Question :
biasanya menggunakan kata whether
·
Indirect speech dengan W-H Question :
biasanya menggunakan kata Tanya yang ada dalam kalimat langsungnya.
1.
DIRECT
SPEECH
She said, “Do you go to church
every Sunday?”
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She asked me whether I went to
church every Sunday.
2.
DIRECT
SPEECH
He said, “Where do you go to
school?”
INDIRECT
SPEECH
He asked me where I went to school.
D.
INDIRECT
SPEECH DENGAN COMMAND (PERINTAH)
Bentuk indirect speech dalam
kalimat perintah biasanya dengan menggunakan kata said, told, dan ordered
kemudian diikuti dengan bentuk to infinitive.
1.
DIRECT
SPEECH
The
police ordered, “Walk on!”
INDIRECT SPEECH
The
police ordered me to walk on.
2.
DIRECT
SPEECH
The
parent said, “Don’t be lazy!”
INDIRECT SPEECH
The
parent said me not to be lazy.
Sumber:
